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2008/09 AHSMC Part 1 Problem 14

Problem 14 of 16

The sum of the fifth powers of the roots of x3−3x+1=0x^3 - 3x + 1 = 0 is

Answer choices

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Solution

Let aa, bb and cc be the roots. Then a+b+c=0a + b + c = 0 and bc+ca+ab=−3bc + ca + ab = -3. It follows that a2+b2+c2=(a+b+c)2−2(bc+ca+ab)=6a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = (a+b+c)^2 - 2(bc+ca+ab) = 6. Since x3=3x−1x^3 = 3x - 1, we have x5=x2(3x−1)=3(3x−1)−x2=−3+9x−x2. x^5 = x^2(3x-1) = 3(3x-1) - x^2 = -3 + 9x - x^2. Hence a5+b5+c5=−9+9(a+b+c)−(a2+b2+c2)=−15a^5 + b^5 + c^5 = -9 + 9(a+b+c) - (a^2+b^2+c^2) = -15. The answer is (A).