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2020 AMC 10B Problem 14

Problem 14 of 25IntermediateGeometry

As shown in the figure below, six semicircles lie in the interior of a regular hexagon with side length 22 so that the diameters of the semicircles coincide with the sides of the hexagon. What is the area of the shaded region—inside the hexagon but outside all of the semicircles?

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Solution

By symmetry, the shaded region is made of six congruent pieces. One such piece is the union of two equilateral triangles with side length 1,1, minus a 6060^\circ sector of a circle of radius 1.1. The two equilateral triangles have total area 234=32.2\cdot\frac{\sqrt3}{4}=\frac{\sqrt3}{2}. The sector has area 60360π(1)2=π6.\frac{60^\circ}{360^\circ}\cdot\pi(1)^2=\frac{\pi}{6}. Thus one shaded piece has area 32π6,\frac{\sqrt3}{2}-\frac{\pi}{6}, and the total shaded area is 6(32π6)=33π.6\left(\frac{\sqrt3}{2}-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=3\sqrt3-\pi. Thus, D is the correct answer.

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Concepts: regular polygon · sector · area decomposition

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.