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2024 AMC 10B Problem 20

Problem 20 of 25HarderCounting & Probability

Three different pairs of shoes are placed in a row so that no left shoe is next to a right shoe from a different pair. In how many ways can these six shoes be lined up?

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Solution

Wherever an LL meets an RR in the side pattern, those two shoes must be mates. Thus an interior run cannot have length 1:1: its lone shoe would have to be the mate of both neighbors. With three LL’s and three RR’s, the only possible patterns are LLLRRR,LLLRRR, RRRLLL,RRRLLL, LLRRRL,LLRRRL, LRRLLR,LRRLLR, LRRRLL,LRRRLL, RLLLRR,RLLLRR, RLLRRL,RLLRRL, and RRLLLR.RRLLLR. For either one-switch pattern, choose the pair at the switch and order the remaining shoes, giving 322=123\cdot2\cdot2=12 arrangements. Each of the other six patterns has 66 assignments of the three pairs to its switches. Hence the total is 212+66=60.2\cdot12+6\cdot6=60. Therefore, the answer is A.

More practice

Concepts: arrangements with restrictions · casework

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.