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2002 AMC 12A Problem 9

Problem 9 of 25EasierAlgebra

Jamal wants to store 3030 computer files on floppy disks, each of which has a capacity of 1.441.44 megabytes (mb). Three of his files require 0.80.8 mb of memory each, 1212 more require 0.70.7 mb each, and the remaining 1515 require 0.40.4 mb each. No file can be split between floppy disks. What is the minimal number of floppy disks that will hold all the files?

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Solution

The files need 3(0.8)+12(0.7)3(0.8)+12(0.7) +15(0.4)=16.8+15(0.4) = 16.8 mb, so at least 16.81.44=1123\dfrac{16.8}{1.44} = 11\tfrac{2}{3} disks by volume alone. A disk containing a 0.80.8-mb file has room for only one more 0.40.4-mb file, leaving at least 0.240.24 mb unused. Across the three 0.80.8-mb files this wastes at least 3(0.24)=0.723(0.24) = 0.72 mb, over half a disk, forcing at least 1313 disks. Thirteen suffice: six disks each hold two 0.70.7-mb files, three disks each hold one 0.80.8-mb file plus one 0.40.4-mb file, and four disks each hold three 0.40.4-mb files. Thus, the correct answer is B.

More practice

Concepts: optimization · bounding to limit cases

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.