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2003 AMC 12B Problem 22

Problem 22 of 25HarderGeometryProblem-Solving Techniques

Let ABCDABCD be a rhombus with AC=16AC = 16 and BD=30.BD = 30. Let NN be a point on AB‾,\overline{AB}, and let PP and QQ be the feet of the perpendiculars from NN to AC‾\overline{AC} and BD‾,\overline{BD}, respectively. Which of the following is closest to the minimum possible value of PQ?PQ?

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Solution

Let OO be the intersection of the diagonals. Then △AOB\triangle AOB is right-angled at OO with legs OA=8OA = 8 and OB=15.OB = 15. Quadrilateral OPNQOPNQ has right angles at O,O, P,P, and Q,Q, so it is a rectangle and PQ=ON.PQ = ON. The minimum of ONON is the altitude from OO to AB‾\overline{AB} in △AOB.\triangle AOB. Since AB=82+152=17,AB = \sqrt{8^2 + 15^2} = 17, equating the two area expressions gives ON=OA⋅OBAB=8⋅1517=12017≈7.06. \begin{aligned} ON &= \frac{OA \cdot OB}{AB} \\ &= \frac{8 \cdot 15}{17} \\ &= \frac{120}{17} \approx 7.06. \end{aligned} This is closest to 7.7. Thus, the correct answer is C.
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Tagged: rhombus · altitude · optimization

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