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2006 AMC 12B Problem 9

Problem 9 of 25EasierNumber TheoryCombinatoricsProblem-Solving Techniques

How many even three-digit integers have the property that their digits, read left to right, are in strictly increasing order?

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Solution

Let the digits be a<b<ca \lt b \lt c with cc even. Since a≥1,a \geq 1, no digit is zero, and c≠2c \neq 2 (there is no room for two smaller nonzero digits). Once the units digit cc is fixed, any two distinct digits below it can be arranged in increasing order in exactly one way. So the count for each cc is (c−12).\binom{c-1}{2}. For c=4,6,8c = 4, 6, 8 this gives (32)+(52)+(72)=3+10+21=34. \begin{aligned} &\binom{3}{2} + \binom{5}{2} \\ &\quad {}+ \binom{7}{2} = 3 + 10 + 21 \\ &\quad = 34. \end{aligned} Thus, the correct answer is B.
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