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2008 AMC 12A Problem 23

Problem 23 of 25HarderAlgebra

The solutions of the equation z4+4z3i6z24zii=0z^4 + 4z^3 i - 6z^2 - 4zi - i = 0 are the vertices of a convex polygon in the complex plane. What is the area of the polygon?

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Solution

Adding 1+i1 + i to both sides, the left side becomes z4+4z3i6z24zi+1=(z+i)4, \begin{aligned} &z^4 + 4z^3 i - 6z^2 - 4zi + 1 \\ &= (z + i)^4, \end{aligned} so (z+i)4=1+i.(z + i)^4 = 1 + i. The four solutions for w=z+iw = z + i are equally spaced on a circle of radius 1+i14=(212)14=218,|1 + i|^{\frac{1}{4}} = (2^{\frac{1}{2}})^{\frac{1}{4}} = 2^{\frac{1}{8}}, and they form a square. Subtracting ii merely translates it. A square inscribed in a circle of radius 2182^{\frac{1}{8}} has diagonal 2218=298,2 \cdot 2^{\frac{1}{8}} = 2^{\frac{9}{8}}, so its side is 2982=258.\tfrac{2^{\frac{9}{8}}}{\sqrt{2}} = 2^{\frac{5}{8}}. The area is (258)2=254. \left(2^{\frac{5}{8}}\right)^2 = 2^{\frac{5}{4}}. Thus, D is the correct answer.

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Concepts: binomial theorem · complex number · roots of unity

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