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2014 AMC 12A Problem 14

Problem 14 of 25IntermediateAlgebraNumber Theory

Let a<b<ca\lt b\lt c be three integers such that a,a, b,b, cc is an arithmetic progression and a,a, c,c, bb is a geometric progression. What is the smallest possible value for c?c?

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Solution

Let d=ba>0,d=b-a\gt0, so b=a+db=a+d and c=a+2d.c=a+2d. Since a,c,ba,c,b is geometric, ca=bc    (a+2d)2=a(a+d), \begin{gathered} \dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{b}{c}\\ \implies(a+2d)^2=a(a+d), \end{gathered} which simplifies to 3ad+4d2=0,3ad+4d^2=0, so 3a+4d=0.3a+4d=0. Then a=4ka=-4k and d=3kd=3k for a positive integer k,k, giving c=a+2d=2k.c=a+2d=2k. The smallest value is c=2c=2 (with a=4,a=-4, b=1,b=-1, c=2c=2). Thus, the correct answer is C.

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Concepts: arithmetic sequence · geometric sequence · Diophantine Equation

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