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2018 AMC 12B Problem 15

Problem 15 of 25IntermediateNumber TheoryCounting & Probability

How many 33-digit positive odd multiples of 33 do not include the digit 3?3?

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Solution

Write the number as abc.\overline{abc}. The hundreds digit aa has 88 choices (1,2,4,5,6,7,8,91,2,4,5,6,7,8,9), and the units digit cc has 44 choices (1,5,7,91,5,7,9). The tens digit bb may be any of {0,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9}.\{0,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9\}. These split into three residue classes mod 33 of equal size {0,6,9},{1,4,7},{2,5,8},\{0,6,9\},\{1,4,7\},\{2,5,8\}, so exactly 33 choices of bb make a+b+ca+b+c divisible by 3.3. The count is 843=96.8\cdot4\cdot3=96. Thus, the correct answer is A.

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Concepts: digits · divisibility · multiplication principle

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.