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2021 AMC 12A Problem 13

Problem 13 of 25IntermediateAlgebra

Of the following complex numbers z,z, which one has the property that z5z^5 has the greatest real part?

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Solution

Each listed number has modulus 2,2, so z5z^5 has modulus 32,32, and its real part is 32cos⁡(5θ),32\cos(5\theta), where θ\theta is the argument of z.z. The arguments are 180∘,180^\circ, 150∘,150^\circ, 135∘,135^\circ, 120∘,120^\circ, and 90∘.90^\circ. Multiplying by 55 gives 900∘≡180∘,900^\circ \equiv 180^\circ, 750∘≡30∘,750^\circ \equiv 30^\circ, 675∘≡315∘,675^\circ \equiv 315^\circ, 600∘≡240∘,600^\circ \equiv 240^\circ, and 450∘≡90∘.450^\circ \equiv 90^\circ. The largest cosine is cos⁡30∘,\cos 30^\circ, from z=−3+i,z = -\sqrt3 + i, giving real part 163.16\sqrt3. Thus, the correct answer is B.
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Tagged: De Moivre’s Theorem · complex number

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