Skip to main content

2025 AMC 12A Problem 19

Problem 19 of 25HarderAlgebra

Let a,a, b,b, and cc be the roots of the polynomial x3+kx+1.x^3 + kx + 1. What is the sum a3b2+a2b3+b3c2+b2c3+c3a2+c2a3? \begin{aligned} &a^3b^2 + a^2b^3 + b^3c^2 \\ &\quad {}+ b^2c^3 + c^3a^2 + c^2a^3? \end{aligned}

Answer choices

Show solution

Solution

By Vieta’s formulas, a+b+c=0,a + b + c = 0, ab+bc+ca=k,ab + bc + ca = k, and abc=1.abc = -1. Group the sum as a2b2(a+b)+b2c2(b+c)+c2a2(c+a). \begin{aligned} &a^2b^2(a + b) + b^2c^2(b + c) \\ &\quad {}+ c^2a^2(c + a). \end{aligned} Since a+b+c=0,a + b + c = 0, we have a+b=c,a + b = -c, b+c=a,b + c = -a, c+a=b.c + a = -b. So the sum equals a2b2cab2c2a2bc2=abc(ab+bc+ca)=(1)(k)=k. \begin{gathered} -a^2b^2 c - ab^2c^2 - a^2bc^2 \\ = -abc(ab + bc + ca) \\ = -(-1)(k) = k. \end{gathered} Thus, the correct answer is E.

More practice

Concepts: Vieta’s Formulas · symmetry (algebra)

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.