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AMC 12 Mock Exam 5 Problem 11

Problem 11 of 25

As xx ranges over all real numbers, what is the least possible value of sin⁡6x+cos⁡6x\sin^6x+\cos^6x?

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Solution

Let s=sin⁡2xs=\sin^2x and c=cos⁡2xc=\cos^2x, so s+c=1s+c=1. Then s3+c3=(s+c)3−3sc(s+c)=1−3sc=1−3sin⁡2xcos⁡2x=1−34sin⁡22xs^3+c^3=(s+c)^3-3sc(s+c)=1-3sc=1-3\sin^2x\cos^2x=1-\tfrac34\sin^22x. Since sin⁡22x≤1\sin^22x\le1, with equality at x=π4x=\frac\pi4, the least value is 1−34=141-\frac34=\boxed{\tfrac14}.

Tagged: trigonometric identities, extreme value