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AMC 12 Mock Exam 5 Problem 18

Problem 18 of 25

How many ordered triples (a,b,c)(a,b,c) of positive integers satisfy both lcm⁡(a,b,c)=600\operatorname{lcm}(a,b,c)=600 and gcd⁡(a,b,c)=1\gcd(a,b,c)=1?

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Solution

Write 600=23⋅3⋅52600=2^3\cdot3\cdot5^2. For a prime pp with exponent ee in 600600, the exponents of pp in a,b,ca,b,c form a triple in {0,…,e}3\{0,\dots,e\}^3 whose maximum is ee and whose minimum is 00. By inclusion–exclusion the number of such triples is (e+1)3−2e3+(e−1)3,(e+1)^3-2e^3+(e-1)^3, (all triples, minus those missing ee, minus those missing 00, plus those missing both). This is 64−54+8=1864-54+8=18 for e=3e=3, 8−2+0=68-2+0=6 for e=1e=1, and 27−16+1=1227-16+1=12 for e=2e=2. The primes are independent, so the count is 18⋅6⋅12=129618\cdot6\cdot12=\boxed{1296}.

Tagged: gcd and lcm of three numbers, prime exponents