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2004 AMC 10B Problem 18

Problem 18 of 25IntermediateGeometry

In right triangle △ACE,\triangle ACE, we have AC=12,AC = 12, CE=16,CE = 16, and EA=20.EA = 20. Points B,B, D,D, and FF are located on AC,AC, CE,CE, and EA,EA, respectively, so that AB=3,AB = 3, CD=4,CD = 4, and EF=5.EF = 5. What is the ratio of the area of △BDF\triangle BDF to that of △ACE?\triangle ACE?

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Solution

The area of △ACE\triangle ACE is 12(12)(16)=96.\tfrac12(12)(16) = 96. Each corner triangle △ABF,\triangle ABF, △BCD,\triangle BCD, and △DEF\triangle DEF has a base and an altitude that are 34\tfrac34 and 14\tfrac14 of a corresponding base and altitude of △ACE.\triangle ACE. So each has area 14⋅34=316\tfrac14 \cdot \tfrac34 = \tfrac{3}{16} of △ACE.\triangle ACE. Hence [BDF][ACE]=1−3⋅316=1−916=716. \begin{aligned} \dfrac{[BDF]}{[ACE]} &= 1 - 3 \cdot \dfrac{3}{16} \\ &= 1 - \dfrac{9}{16} = \dfrac{7}{16}. \end{aligned} Thus, the correct answer is E.
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Tagged: area ratio · area decomposition · triangle area

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