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2009 AMC 10B Problem 13

Problem 13 of 25IntermediateGeometryNumber Theory

As shown below, convex pentagon ABCDEABCDE has sides AB=3,AB=3, BC=4,BC=4, CD=6,CD=6, DE=3,DE=3, and EA=7.EA=7. The pentagon is originally positioned in the plane with vertex AA at the origin and vertex BB on the positive xx-axis. The pentagon is then rolled clockwise to the right along the xx-axis. Which side will touch the point x=2009x=2009 on the xx-axis?

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Solution

The pentagon has perimeter 3+4+6+3+7=23.3+4+6+3+7=23. One full roll advances the contact point by 23,23, and 2009=2387+8.2009=23\cdot87+8. After 8787 rolls, vertex AA sits at x=2387=2001x=23\cdot87=2001 and BB at 2004.2004. Rolling further, CC touches at 2004+4=20082004+4=2008 and DD at 2008+6=2014.2008+6=2014. Since 20092009 lies between 20082008 and 2014,2014, side CD\overline{CD} touches that point. Thus, the correct answer is C.

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Concepts: perimeter · modular arithmetic · process simulation

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.