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2016 AMC 10A Problem 9

Problem 9 of 25EasierAlgebraNumber Theory

A triangular array of 20162016 coins has 11 coin in the first row, 22 coins in the second row, 33 coins in the third row, and so on up to NN coins in the NNth row. What is the sum of the digits of N?N?

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Solution

Recall that the sum of the first NN numbers is N(N+1)2.\dfrac{N(N + 1)}{2}. We want to find NN such that N(N+1)2=2016. \dfrac{N(N + 1)}{2} = 2016. Cross-multiplying and simplifying gives us N2+N4032=0. N^2 + N - 4032 = 0. Factoring gives us (N63)(N+64)=0. (N - 63)(N + 64) = 0. We want the positive value so N=63.N = 63. Adding together the digits gives us 9.9. Thus, the correct answer is D .

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Concepts: triangular number · factoring · digits

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.