Skip to main content

2021 AMC 10B Problem 7

Problem 7 of 25EasierAlgebraGeometry

In a plane, four circles with radii 1,1, 3,3, 5,5, and 77 are tangent to line \ell at the same point A,A, but they may be on either side of .\ell. Region SS consists of all the points that lie inside exactly one of the four circles. What is the maximum possible area of region S?S?

Answer choices

Show solution

Solution

On one side of ,\ell, circles tangent at AA are nested. For nested circles with radii r1>r2>,r_1>r_2>\cdots, the points inside exactly one of those circles have area π(r12r22)\pi(r_1^2-r_2^2) if there are at least two circles; a third smaller nested circle does not count because its points are inside three circles, not exactly one. To maximize the area, put the circle of radius 77 alone on one side, and put the circles of radii 5,3,15,3,1 on the other side. This gives 72π+(5232)π=49π+16π=65π. \begin{aligned} &7^2\pi+(5^2-3^2)\pi \\ &=49\pi+16\pi=65\pi. \end{aligned} Thus, the answer is D .

More practice

Concepts: tangent circles · circle area · optimization

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.