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2011/12 AHSMC Part 1 Problem 5

Problem 5 of 16

A millenium number is a positive integer such that the product of its digits is 10001000. The number of six-digit millenium numbers is

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Solution

Since 1000=2×2×2×5×5×51000 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5, the digits can only be 11, 22, 44, 55 and 88. Three of them must be 55s and they can be placed among the six digits in (63)=20\binom{6}{3} = 20 ways. The product of the other three digits is 88, and they are (1,1,8)(1,1,8), (1,2,4)(1,2,4) or (2,2,2)(2,2,2). They can be placed in 33, 66 and 11 ways respectively. Hence the total number of six-digit millenium numbers is 20(3+6+1)=20020(3+6+1)=200. The answer is (E).