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2011/12 AHSMC Part 1 Problem 7

Problem 7 of 16

The number of real solutions of the equation 2x2−2x=2xx2−2x+12x^2 - 2x = 2x\sqrt{x^2 - 2x} + 1 is

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Solution

Squaring both sides of 2x2−2x−1=2xx2−2x2x^2 - 2x - 1 = 2x\sqrt{x^2 - 2x}, we have 4x4−8x3+4x+1=4x4−8x34x^4 - 8x^3 + 4x + 1 = 4x^4 - 8x^3, which simplifies to 4x+1=04x+1 = 0. Hence the only solution is x=−14x = -\frac{1}{4}. Indeed, 2(−14)2−2(−14)=582\bigl(-\frac{1}{4}\bigr)^2 - 2\bigl(-\frac{1}{4}\bigr) = \frac{5}{8} and 2(−14)(−14)2−2(−14)+1=582\bigl(-\frac{1}{4}\bigr)\sqrt{\bigl(-\frac{1}{4}\bigr)^2 - 2\bigl(-\frac{1}{4}\bigr)} + 1 = \frac{5}{8}. The answer is (B).