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2012/13 AHSMC Part 1 Problem 12

Problem 12 of 16

Weifeng writes down 2828 consecutive numbers. If both the smallest and the largest number are perfect squares, what is the smallest number she writes down?

Answer choices

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Solution

Let the smallest and the largest numbers Weifeng writes down be n2n^2 and m2m^2 respectively. Since they are the ends of a block of 2828 consecutive numbers, (m+n)(m−n)=m2−n2=27(m + n)(m - n) = m^2 - n^2 = 27. We may have m+n=27m + n = 27 and m−n=1m - n = 1, whereby m=14m = 14 and n=13n = 13. We may have m+n=9m + n = 9 and m−n=3m - n = 3, whereby m=6m = 6 and n=3n = 3. Thus the smallest number Weifeng writes down may be 32=93^2 = 9 or 132=16913^2 = 169. The answer is (E).