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2023 AMC 10A Problem 16

Problem 16 of 25IntermediateAlgebraCounting & Probability

In a table tennis tournament every participant played every other participant exactly once. Although there were twice as many right-handed players as left-handed players, the number of games won by left-handed players was 40%40\% more than the number of games won by right-handed players. (There were no ties and no ambidextrous players.) What is the total number of games played?

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Solution

Say there are LL left-handers and 2L2L right-handers, so 3L3L players and (3L2)\binom{3L}{2} games. Every game has one winner, and left wins are 1.41.4 times right wins, so the wins split 7:57 : 5 and the total must be a multiple of 1212. Left-handers can win at most all games involving at least one left-hander, namely (L2)+2L2\binom{L}{2} + 2L^2. Hence 712(3L2)(L2)+2L2, \frac{7}{12}\binom{3L}{2} \leq \binom{L}{2} + 2L^2, which gives L3L \leq 3. For L=1L = 1 and L=2L = 2, the total is not divisible by 1212. For L=3L = 3, there are (92)=36\binom{9}{2} = 36 games. This is attainable if the left-handers win all 1818 cross-group games and all 33 games among themselves, while the right-handers win their 1515 internal games. The win totals are 2121 and 1515, so the answer is 3636. Therefore, the answer is B.

More practice

Concepts: combinations · ratio and proportion

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