Skip to main content

2017 AMC 12A Problem 14

Problem 14 of 25IntermediateCounting & Probability

Alice refuses to sit next to either Bob or Carla. Derek refuses to sit next to Eric. How many ways are there for the five of them to sit in a row of 55 chairs under these conditions?

Answer choices

Show solution

Solution

Let X,X, Y,Y, ZZ be the seatings where Alice-Bob, Alice-Carla, and Derek-Eric are adjacent, respectively. The answer is 5!XYZ.5!-|X\cup Y\cup Z|. Treating a forbidden pair as a block gives X=Y=Z=24!=48.|X|=|Y|=|Z|=2\cdot4!=48. For intersections, XY=23!=12|X\cap Y|=2\cdot3!=12 (Alice between Bob and Carla), XZ=YZ|X\cap Z|=|Y\cap Z| =223!=24,=2\cdot2\cdot3!=24, and XYZ=222!=8.|X\cap Y\cap Z|=2\cdot2\cdot2!=8. By inclusion-exclusion, XYZ=(483)|X\cup Y\cup Z|=(48\cdot3) (12+24+24)-(12+24+24) +8=92,+8=92, so the answer is 12092=28.120-92=28. Thus, the correct answer is C.

More practice

Concepts: arrangements with restrictions · inclusion-exclusion

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.