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2017 AMC 12A Problem 23

Problem 23 of 25HarderAlgebra

For certain real numbers a,a, b,b, and c,c, the polynomial g(x)=x3+ax2+x+10g(x)=x^3+ax^2+x+10 has three distinct roots, and each root of g(x)g(x) is also a root of the polynomial f(x)=x4+x3+bx2+100x+c. \begin{aligned} &f(x)=x^4+x^3+bx^2 \\ &\quad {}+100x+c. \end{aligned} What is f(1)?f(1)?

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Solution

Since gg has three distinct roots all shared by the quartic f,f, we can write f(x)=(x−q)g(x)f(x)=(x-q)g(x) for some remaining root q.q. Expanding, f(x)=x4+(a−q)x3+(1−qa)x2+(10−q)x−10q. \begin{aligned} &f(x)=x^4+(a-q)x^3 \\ &\quad {}+(1-qa)x^2 \\ &\quad {}+(10-q)x-10q. \end{aligned} Matching the xx coefficient, 10−q=100,10-q=100, so q=−90.q=-90. Matching the x3x^3 coefficient, a−q=1,a-q=1, so a=−89.a=-89. Then g(1)=1+a+1+10g(1)=1+a+1+10 =12−89=−77=12-89=-77 and 1−q=91,1-q=91, so f(1)=(1−q)g(1)=91⋅(−77)=−7007. \begin{aligned} &f(1)=(1-q)g(1) \\ &=91\cdot(-77)=-7007. \end{aligned} Thus, the correct answer is C.
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