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2021 Fall AMC 12B Problem 11

Problem 11 of 25IntermediateCounting & Probability

Una rolls 66 standard 66-sided dice simultaneously and calculates the product of the 66 numbers obtained. What is the probability that the product is divisible by 4?4?

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Solution

The product fails to be divisible by 44 when it has at most one factor of 2.2. Each die is odd with probability 12,\tfrac12, contributes exactly one factor of 22 (a 22 or 66) with probability 13,\tfrac13, and two factors (a 44) with probability 16.\tfrac16. All six odd: (12)6=164.\left(\tfrac12\right)^6 = \tfrac{1}{64}. Exactly one die a 22 or 66 and the rest odd: 613(12)5=116=464.6 \cdot \tfrac13 \cdot \left(\tfrac12\right)^5 = \tfrac{1}{16} = \tfrac{4}{64}. The complement is 164+464=564,\tfrac{1}{64} + \tfrac{4}{64} = \tfrac{5}{64}, so the answer is 1564=5964.1 - \tfrac{5}{64} = \tfrac{59}{64}. Thus, the correct answer is C.

More practice

Concepts: dice (probability) · complementary probability

Problem text and solution from the LIVE past-contest archive. See also the AoPS wiki page for community solutions.