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2021 Fall AMC 10A Problem 12

Problem 12 of 25IntermediateNumber TheoryArithmetic

The base-nine representation of the number NN is 27,006,000,0529.27{,}006{,}000{,}052_9. What is the remainder when NN is divided by 5?5?

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Solution

Note that 9≡−1(mod5). 9 \equiv -1 \pmod{5}. Then if expand NN using the definition of bases, we get N=2⋅910+7⋅99+6⋅96+ N = 2 \cdot 9^{10} + 7 \cdot 9^9 + 6 \cdot 9^6 +5⋅9+2 5 \cdot 9 + 2 ≡2(−1)10+7(−1)9+6(−1)6+ \equiv 2 (-1)^{10} + 7 (-1)^9 + 6 (-1)^6 +5(−1)+2(mod5) 5 (-1) + 2 \pmod{5} ≡2−7+6−5+2(mod5) \equiv 2 - 7 + 6 - 5 + 2 \pmod{5} ≡3(mod5). \equiv 3 \pmod{5}. Thus, D is the correct answer.
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Tagged: number base · modular arithmetic

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