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2007 AMC 12B Problem 20

Problem 20 of 25HarderAlgebraGeometry

The parallelogram bounded by the lines y=ax+c,y=ax+c, y=ax+d,y=ax+d, y=bx+c,y=bx+c, and y=bx+dy=bx+d has area 18.18. The parallelogram bounded by the lines y=ax+c,y=ax+c, y=axd,y=ax-d, y=bx+c,y=bx+c, and y=bxdy=bx-d has area 72.72. Given that a,a, b,b, c,c, and dd are positive integers, what is the smallest possible value of a+b+c+d?a+b+c+d?

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Solution

Two vertices of the first parallelogram lie at (0,c)(0,c) and (0,d),(0,d), and the other two have xx-coordinates ±cdba.\pm\dfrac{c-d}{b-a}. Its area works out to (cd)2ba=18.\dfrac{(c-d)^2}{|b-a|}=18. The same computation for the second gives (c+d)2ba=72.\dfrac{(c+d)^2}{|b-a|}=72. So (cd)2=18ba(c-d)^2=18|b-a| and (c+d)2=72ba.(c+d)^2=72|b-a|. Subtracting, 4cd=54ba,4cd=54|b-a|, i.e. 2cd=27ba.2cd=27|b-a|. Thus ba|b-a| is even, so a+ba+b is smallest with {a,b}={1,3};\{a,b\}=\{1,3\}; and cdcd is a multiple of 27,27, so c+dc+d is smallest with {c,d}={3,9}.\{c,d\}=\{3,9\}. These satisfy all conditions, giving a+b+c+d=1+3+3+9a+b+c+d=1+3+3+9 =16.=16. Thus, the correct answer is D.

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Concepts: coordinate geometry · parallelogram · optimization

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